Medical terms - Letter C (page 16) | MedicalVocabulary.org

Chromosome, marker

The sex chromosome found twice in normal females and once, along with a Y chromosome, in normal males. The complete chromosome complement consisting of 46 chromosomes including the two sex chromosomes is conventionally…
Chromosome, metaphase

See: Y chromosome
Chromosome, X

See: Chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Chromosome, Y

See: Y chromosome
Chromosomes

The microscopically visible carriers of the genetic material. They are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and proteins and, under a microscope, look like little rods. Humans normally have 46 chromosomes -- 44…
Chromosomes in multiple miscarriages

Couples who have had more than one miscarriage (spontaneous abortion) have about a 5% chance that one member of the couple is carrying a chromosome translocation responsible for the miscarriages
Chronic

This important term in medicine comes from the Greek chronos, time and means lasting a long time. A chronic condition is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics…
Chronic arthritis, systemic-onset juvenile

See: Arthritis, systemic-onset juvenile rheumatoid
Chronic bacterial prostatitis

Prostatitis: Longstanding bacterial infection of the prostate gland superimposed on a defect in the prostate. (The prostate is a small organ below the bladder which surrounds the urethra, the tube that carries urine…
Chronic bronchitis

Defined clinically as a daily cough with production of sputum for 3 months, two years in a row. In chronic bronchitis, there is inflammation and swelling of the lining of the airways that lead to narrowing and…
Chronic daily headache

See: Headache, chronic daily
Chronic disease

A disease that persists for a long time. A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Chronic diseases generally cannot be prevented by vaccines…
Chronic fatigue syndrome

See: Chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Chronic granulocytic leukemia

See: Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Chronic illness

An illness that persists for a long period of time. The term 'chronic' comes from the Greek chronos, time and means lasting a long time. A chronic illness is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S…
Chronic insomnia

See Insomnia, chronic
Chronic kidney failure

See: Chronic renal failure
Chronic leukemia

Cancer of the blood cells (leukemia) that progresses slowly
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

See: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia.
Chronic myelocytic leukemia

See: Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Chronic inflammation of the skin lining the external ear canal leading to the ear drum. Can be caused by a number of problems including bacterial infection, a chronic skin disorder (eczema or seborrhea), fungus…
Chronic myelogenous leukemia, juvenile

See: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Chronic myeloid leukemia

See: Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD)

Any disorder that persistently obstructs bronchial airflow. COLD mainly involves two related diseases -- chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Both cause chronic obstruction of air flowing through the airways and in and out…
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global Initiativ

See: GOLD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The cedar vinegar diet is a weight loss plan based upon the consumption of one, two, or three teaspoons of apple cider vinegar before each meal. The purported "fat burning effects" of consumption of apple cider vinegar…
Chronic otitis externa

Chronic inflammation of the skin lining the external ear canal leading to the ear drum. Can be caused by a number of problems including bacterial infection, a chronic skin disorder (eczema or seborrhea), fungus…
Chronic pain

L ODYvAlign=top bgColor=#cccccc colSpan=2> vAlign=top width='100%' bgColor=#ffffff>Our Chronic pain Main Article provides a comprehensive look at the who, what, when and how of Chronic pain Chronic pain: Pain (an…
Chronic pancreatitis

Pancreatitis: A form of pancreatitis in which there is persistent inflammation of the pancreas. NTER> Chronic pancreatitis causes attacks of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting that are worsened by eating or drinking…
Chronic phase

Refers to the early stages of chronic myelogenous leukemia. The number of immature, abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow and blood is higher than normal, but lower than in the accelerated or blast phase
Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia

Slowly progressive paralysis of certain eye muscles. Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia is abbreviated CPEO
Chronic renal failure

Slow progressive loss of kidney function over the span of years, resulting in permanent kidney failure. Chronic kidney disease is common and may go undiagnosed until the process is far advanced and renal failure is on…
Chronic tamponade

A situation in which a chronic excess of fluid inside the pericardial sac and thickening of the pericardial sac progressively compress the heart and impair its performance. The excess fluid in the pericardial sac acts…
Chronic wasting disease

A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) of North American deer and elk, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that produces spongiform changes in the brain and chronic weight loss leading to the death of…
Chronicity

Characterized by long duration. The state of being chronic
Churg-Strauss syndrome

Churg-Strauss syndrome: A disease characterized by inflammation of small arteries and veins in persons with a history of asthma or allergy. Aside from the inflammation of blood vessels (angiitis or vasculitis), there…
Chyle

A fluid consisting of a mixture of lymphatic fluid (lymph) and chylomicrons that has a milky appearance. Chylomicrons are small fat globules composed of protein and lipid (fat) which are combined in the lining of the…
Chylomicron

A small fat globule composed of protein and lipid (fat). Chylomicrons are found in the blood and lymphatic fluid where they serve to transport fat from its port of entry in the intestine to the liver and to adipose…
Chyme

A pre-digested, acidified mass of food that passes from the stomach into the small intestine
Ci (Curie)

Ci is the abbreviation for a Curie, a unit of radioactivity. (Specifically, the quantity of any radioactive nuclide in which the number of disintegrations per second is 3.7 X 10 to the 10th). Named for Marie and Pierre…
CIC

Completely-in-the-canal (the ear canal). See: Completely-in-the-canal hearing aid. See also: Hearing aid
Cidal

Suffix indicating killing, as in bacteriocidal (capable of killing bacteria) and in suicidal (the killing of oneself)
Cide

A type of bacteria that is the most common agent of gas gangrene and can also cause food poisoning as well as a fulminant form of bowel disease called necrotizing colitis. Clostridium perfringens is the same as…
Cider vinegar diet

The cedar vinegar diet is a weight loss plan based upon the consumption of one, two, or three teaspoons of apple cider vinegar before each meal. The purported 'fat burning effects' of consumption of apple cider vinegar…
Cigar

A small roll of tobacco leaf for smoking. The word 'cigar,' from the Spanish 'cigarro,' first appeared in English in 1730. In 1998, a National Cancer Institute report outlined cause-and-effect connections between cigar…
Cigarette

A small roll of finely cut tobacco enclosed in a wrapper of thin paper designed for smoking. 'Cigarettes are the only product sold on the free market that, when used as directed, can kill people.' (L Chasan-Taber &amp…
Ciguatera

Seafood poisoning due to ciguatoxin, a toxin acquired by eating fish that have consumed toxic single-celled marine organisms called dinoflagellates or fish that have consumed other fish that have become toxic. When…
Ciguatoxin

A seafood toxin that is acquired by eating fish that have consumed toxic single-celled marine organisms called dinoflagellates or fish that have consumed other fish that have become toxic. When someone eats these fish…
Cilia

The fine hairlike projections from certain cells such as those in the respiratory tract that sweep in unison and help to sweep away fluids and particles. Some single-celled organisms use the rhythmical motion of cilia…
Ciliary body

Part of the eye, the ciliary body is a thin vascular (blood vessel-filled) middle layer of the eye that is situated between the sclera (the white of the eye) and the retina (the nerve layer that lines the back of the…