Medical terms - Letter C (page 31) | MedicalVocabulary.org

Cyanotic

Showing cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to not enough oxygen in the blood). See: Cyanosis
Cycle, cell

The sequence of events within the cell between mitotic (cell) divisions. The cell cycle is conventionally divided into phases: > >G0 (G zero, the G standing for gap) >G1, (G one, the first gap) >S (synthesis phase…
Cycle, menstrual

See: Menstrual cycle
Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase

See: Protein kinase A
Cyclic citrullinated peptide

A circular peptide containing the amino acid citrulline. Abbreviated CCP. Autoantibodies directed against CCP are found in people with rheumatoid arthritis
Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody

See: Citrulline antibody
Cyclic vomiting syndrome

See: Cystocele.
Cyclin

One of a group of proteins that regulate the cell cycle. The cyclins bind to and activate cyclin-dependent kinases. The cyclins include cyclin A, cyclin B, cyclin C, cyclin D, cyclin E, cyclin F, cyclin G, cyclin H…
Cyclin D

A family of three closely related proteins termed cyclin D1, D2 and D3 that are expressed in an overlapping redundant fashion in all proliferating cell types and collectively control the progression of cells through the…
Cyclin E

A protein that is part of a molecular network that controls the cell cycle. There are a large number of cyclin proteins involved in this endeavor. Cyclin E specifically regulates the transition from the G1 phase to the…
Cyclobutanone

See: 2-ACB
Cyclooxygenase

Abbreviated cox. See: Cox-1; Cox-2
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor

See: Cox-1 inhibitor; Cox-2 inhibitor
Cyclooxygenase-1

See: Cox-1
Cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor

See: Cox-1 inhibitor
Cyclooxygenase-2

See: Cox-2
Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor

See: Cox-2 inhibitor
Cyclopia

A congenital abnormality (birth defect) in which there is only one eye. That eye is centrally placed in the area normally occupied by the root of the nose. There is a missing nose or a nose in the form of a proboscis (a…
Cyclops

A common freshwater crustacean. Some species of Cyclops serve as hosts for parasites such as the guinea worm, the cause of dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease). The Cyclops were one-eyed giants of Greek mythology, a…
Cyclospora infection

Infection with Cyclospora cayetanensis, a single-celled parasite. The first known human cases of illness caused by Cyclospora were reported in 1979. More recently, outbreaks of cyclosporiasis have been reported in the…
Cyclosporiasis

Infection with the parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis. See: Cyclospora infection
Cyclothymia

A form of bipolar disorder in which the mood swings are less severe. See also bipolar disease.
Cylindroma

A benign tumor of skin adnexa such as the sweat gland, arising as a nodule on the scalp and, less often, the face or limbs. Cylindromas may cover the scalp and so are called turban tumors. See: Familial cylindromatosis
Cylindromatosis, familial

See: Familial cylindromatosis
Cymbalta

Brand name for duloxetine hydrochloride, a drug approved by the FDA to treat major depresssion in adults and to manage the pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, nerve damage in diabetes. The drug acts as…
Cynophobia

An abnormal and persistent fear of dogs. Sufferers from cynophobia experience anxiety even though they realize that most dogs pose no threat. To avoid dogs, they may barricade yards or refuse to travel except in an…
Cys

Cysteine. Note that Cys does not stand for cystine. See also: Amino acid symbols
Cys-Cys

Cystine
Cyst

A cyst is an abnormal, closed sac-like structure within a tissue that contains a liquid, gaseous, or semisolid substance. A cyst can occur anywhere in the body and can vary in size. The outer, or capsular, portion of a…
Cyst of the ovary, follicular

A fluid-filled sac in the ovary, the most common type of ovarian cyst. It results from the growth of a follicle. A follicle is the fluid-filled cyst that contains an egg. In some cycles, this follicle grows larger that…
Cyst, Baker

A swelling in the space behind the knee (the popliteal space) composed of a membrane-lined sac filled with synovial fluid that has escaped from the joint. Named after the British surgeon William Morrant Baker…
Cyst, Meibomian

See: Meibomian cyst
Cyst, ovarian

A fluid-filled sac in the ovary. The most common type of ovarian cyst is called a follicular cyst. It results from the growth of a follicle. A follicle is the fluid-filled cyst that contains an egg. In some cycles, this…
Cyst, pilonidal

A special kind of abscess that occurs in the cleft between the buttocks. Forms frequently in adolescence after long trips that involve sitting
Cyst, sebaceous

A sebaceous cyst is a rounded swollen area of the skin formed by an abnormal sac of retained excretion (sebum) from the sebaceous follicles.
Cyst, synovial, of the popliteal space

A swelling in the space behind the knee (the popliteal space). The swelling is composed of a membrane-lined sac filled with synovial fluid that has escaped from the joint. Commonly called Baker's cyst
Cyst, tarsal

Also called a chalazion or a Meibomian cyst, an inflammation of the oil gland of the eyelid.
Cyst, thyroglossal

See: Thyroglossal cyst
Cyst, thyrolingual

See: Thyroglossal cyst
Cystadenoma

A cystadenoma is a type of benign tumor that develops from ovarian tissue. They may be filled with a mucous-type fluid material. Cystadenomas can become very large and may measure 12 inches or more in diameter
Cystatin 3

See: Cystatin C
Cystatin C

A serum protein that is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and that serves as a measure of kidney function. Cystatin C is produced steadily by all types of nucleated cells in the body. Its low molecular mass…
Cystectomy

Surgery to remove the bladder. Cystic fibrosis: A common genetic disease inherited as a recessive condition. Thick mucus can clog the lung passages and block the ducts of the pancreas in cystic fibrosis.
Cysteine

An amino acid, one of the 20 building blocks of protein. Cysteine can be synthesized by the body and is not essential to the diet. Its key chemical feature is a thiol group that contains sulfur. This thiol group can…
Cystic acne

Acne: This is a type of localized infection (abscess) formed when oil ducts become clogged and infected. Cystic acne is most common in the teenage years. Treatment includes avoiding irritants on the face, including many…
Cystic fibrosis

A combining form denoting a cell. Derived from the Greek "kytos" meaning "hollow, as a cell or container." From the same root come the prefix "cyto-" and the suffix "-cyte" which similarly denote a cell. Cyto-, -cyto-…
Cystic hernia

See: Cystocele
Cystic periventricular leukomalacia

Softening of the white matter near the ventricles of the brain resulting in abnormal cysts. Cystic periventricular leukomalacia is a major problem in very premature infants. Treating the mother with a cortisone-like…
Cysticerci

The plural of cysticercis. See: Cysticercus
Cysticercosis

An infection caused by the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. Infection occurs when the tapeworm larvae enter the body and form cysticerci (SIS-tuh-sir-KEY) (cysts). When cysticerci are found in the brain, the condition is…