Medical terms - Letter J (page 2) | MedicalVocabulary.org

JIP

Juvenile intestinal polyposis. See: Juvenile polyposis
JMML

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Jock itch

Itch: A superficial fungus infection of the crotch and perineum known medically as tinea cruris. Good general hygiene helps prevent it, as does keeping the area clean and dry . Laundering underwear and athletic…
Jogger's nails

Very small semi-circular white spots on the nails. These spots may be found on the fingernails and, particularly, the toenails. The white spots on the nails reflect injury to the base (matrix) of the nail. The matrix is…
John H. Gibbon, Jr.

See: Gibbon, John H., Jr.
John Hughlings Jackson

See: Hughlings Jackson, John
John La Montagne

See: La Montagne, John
John W. Kirkland

See: Kirklin, John W.
Johnnies

Plural of johnny
Johnny

A hospital gown. A johnny is a short collarless gown that ties in the back, worn by patients being examined or treated in a doctor's office, clinic, or hospital. Johnnies are generally disliked by patients as skimpy…
Johnson-Stevens syndrome

See: Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Joint

>Gliding -- one bony surface glides on another without angular or rotatory movement; >Angular -- occurs only between long bones, increasing or decreasing the angle between the bones; >Circumduction -- occurs in joints…
Joint aspiration

A common benign childhood condition involving hypermobile joints (that can move beyond the normal range of motion). Symptoms include pains in knees, fingers, hips, and elbows. The affected joints may sprain or…
Joint hypermobility syndrome

A common benign childhood condition involving hypermobile joints (that can move beyond the normal range of motion). Symptoms include pains in knees, fingers, hips, and elbows. The affected joints may sprain or…
Joint, AC

The AC (acromioclavicular) joint is located between the acromion (a projection of the scapula that forms the point of the shoulder) and the clavicle (the collar bone). This is a gliding type of joint. The ligaments that…
Joint, acetabular

The hip joint by another name. The acetabulum is the cup-shaped socket of the hip joint. It is a key feature of the pelvic anatomy. The head (upper end) of the femur (the thighbone) fits right into the acetabulum…
Joint, acromioclavicular

The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is located between the acromion (a projection of the scapula that forms the point of the shoulder) and the clavicle (the collar bone). This is a gliding type of joint. The ligaments that…
Joint, ankle

The ankle joint is complex. It is made up of two joints: the true ankle joint and the subtalar joint: > >The true ankle joint is composed of 3 bones: the tibia which forms the medial (inside) portion of the ankle; the…
Joint, atlas and axis

The joint between the atlas and axis bones. The atlas is the first cervical (neck) vertebra which is just under the head; it is named for Atlas, the Greek god who supported the world on his shoulders. The axis is the…
Joint, atloaxoid

: The joint between the atlas and axis bones. The atlas is the first cervical (neck) vertebra which is just under the head; it is named for Atlas, the Greek god who supported the world on his shoulders. The axis is the…
Joint, ball-and-socket

A ball-and-socket joint is one in which the round end of a bone fits into the cavity of another bone. The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint
Joint, calcaneocuboid

The calcaneocuboid joint is located in the foot between the calcaneus bone (the heel bone) and the cuboid bone (a bone shaped like a cube just in front of the calcaneus). The calcaneocuboid joint is a gliding type of…
Joint, elbow

Three long bones meet in the middle portion of the arm at the elbow joint. The bone of the upper arm (humerus) meets both the ulna (the inner bone of the forearm) and radius (the outer bone of the forearm) to form a…
Joint, knee

The knee joint has three parts. The thigh bone (the femur) meets the large shin bone (the tibia) to form the main knee joint. This joint has an inner (medial) and an outer (lateral) compartment. The kneecap (the…
Joint, patellofemoral

One of the knee joints. The knee has three parts. The thigh bone (femur) meets the large shin bone (tibia) forming the main knee joint. This joint has an inner (medial) and an outer (lateral) compartment. The kneecap…
Joint, shoulder

The shoulder has two main bones: the scapula (the shoulder blade) and the humerus (the long bone of the upper arm). The end of the scapula, called the glenoid, is a socket into which the head of the humerus fits to form…
Joint, temporomandibular

Joint that hinges the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull. Abbreviated TMJ or TM joint.
Joint, TM

The joint that hinges the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull
Joints of the body, principal

>Acromioclavicular >Ankle (tibia-fibula and talus) >Atlas and axis >Atlas and occipital >Calcaneocuboid >Carpometacarpal >Elbow (humerus, radius, and ulna) >Femur and tibia >Hip bone and femur >Humerus and ulna…
Jordi Casals-Ariet

See: Casals-Ariet, Jordi
Joseph Warshaw

See: Warshaw, Joseph
Joshua Lederberg

See: Lederberg, Joshua
Journal of Clinical Investigation

(JCI) A highly regarded journal of medical science that publishes 'biologically significant findings of clinical relevance.' The JCI is the journal of the American Society for Clinical Investigation, an honor society of…
Journal of the American Medical Association

A medical journal sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), in the U.S. and published by Oxford University Press in the U.K.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute

Cancer Institute: A medical journal sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), in the U.S. and published by Oxford University Press in the U.K
Journal, medical, first American

The first U.S. medical journal, the Medical Repository was founded in 1797 and published quarterly until 1824. It was 'the first serious attempt in this country to present the relation between science and practice in a…
Journals, medical

In 1665 the Royal Society in England published one of the first 2 scientific journals in the world: the 'Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.' The other was the 'Journal des Scavants' (Scholars) which…
JP drain

The original suction drain. The drain itself is inside the body. It is made of Teflon and has multiple drainage holes. The drain is connected to clear plastic tubing which is usually sutured to the skin at the point it…
JPC

Juvenile polyposis coli. See: Juvenile polyposis
JPS

Juvenile polyposis syndrome. See: Juvenile polyposis
Jugular

The principal vein in the front of either side of the neck. The word comes from the Latin jugulum meaning throat. The jugular is 'the vein of the throat' or in ancient times 'the sacrificial vein.'
Jugular vein

The jugular veins are in the neck and drain blood from the head, brain, face and neck and convey it toward the heart. The external jugular vein collects most of the blood from the outside of the skull and the deep parts…
Jugular vein, external

The more superficial of the two jugular veins in the neck that drain blood from the head, brain, face and neck and convey it toward the heart. The external jugular vein collects most of the blood from the outside of the…
Jugular vein, internal

The deeper of the two jugular veins in the neck that drain blood from the head, brain, face and neck and convey it toward the heart. The internal jugular vein collects blood from the brain, the outside of the face and…
Julius Axelrod

See: Axelrod, Julius
Jumper's knee

See: Patellar tendonitis
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa

A blistering skin condition inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, due to mutation of a gene that normally promotes the formation of anchoring filaments (thread-like fibers) or hemidesmosomes (complex structures…
Juncture

In anatomy, a place where two or more structures join; a joint. From the Latin jungere, to join
June cold

A popular term for hay fever. Although the symptoms of a 'June cold' may be quite similar to those of a real cold, the term 'June cold' is a misnomer. Unlike a real cold, it is not caused by a virus, but by allergy. It…
Junk DNA

Noncoding regions of DNA that have no apparent function. The term 'junk DNA' is a disparaging one, expressing some of the disappointment felt by geneticists when they first gazed upon sizable segments of the genetic…