Medical terms - Letter T
872 terms start with the letter T.
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Tuber
A lump or bump. The backward protrusion of the heel is called the tuber calcanei or, alternatively, the tuberosity of the calcaneus. Small tubers are a characteristic finding in tuberculosis, and tubers in the brain are…
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Tubercle
A small tuber, a small lump or bump.
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Tubercular
See: Tuberculous
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Tuberculin
A protein extracted from Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is used in a skin test to determine if a person has been exposed to tuberculosis. The tuberculin preparation in most common use today is purified protein…
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Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis: A highly contagious infection caused by the bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Abbreviated TB. Tubercles (tiny lumps) are a characteristic finding in TB. Diagnosis may be made by skin test, which…
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Tuberculosis treatment
Treatment of tuberculosis (TB), depends upon the status of the infection and differs for dormant and active TB. The differences are as follows: > >Dormant TB: Dormant TB is characterized by a positive TB skin test, a…
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Tuberculosis vaccination
A vaccination for tuberculosis (TB). The vaccine, known as BCG (bacille Calmette Guerin), is used in most developing countries to reduce the severe consequences of TB in infants and children. However, BCG vaccine has…
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Tuberculosis, active
The presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with a positive chest X-ray. Treatment of active tuberculosis is mandatory by law in the US. See also: Tuberculosis
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Tuberculosis, antibiotic-resistant
A variant of tuberculosis (TB) that is not affected by one or more of the antibiotics normally used to treat it. If the strain of TB is unaffected by more than one medication, it is called multidrug resistant (MDR) TB…
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Tuberculosis, avian
A type of tuberculosis affecting birds, caused by Mycobacterium avium, which may be communicated to other animals and humans
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Tuberculosis, bovine
See: Bovine tuberculosis
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Tuberculosis, dormant
Tuberculosis, dormant: The presence of evidence for tuberculosis infection from a positive TB skin test in a person with a normal chest X-ray and no symptoms. Treatment is not mandatory for dormant tuberculosis (TB), as…
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Tuberculosis, drug-resistant
Tuberculosis (TB) that does not respond to drug treatment. Drug-resistant TB has become a very serious problem in recent years in certain populations. For example, TB resistant to the drug isoniazid (INH) is seen among…
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Tuberculosis, extrapulmonary
Tuberculosis that occurs outside the lungs as, for example, in the lymph nodes or kidneys
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Tuberculosis, genetic susceptibility to
Genes that make someone susceptible to developing tuberculosis (TB) when exposed to the bacterium (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that causes it. Although there are millions of new cases of TB each year, not everyone…
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Tuberculosis, MDR
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. See: Tuberculosis, antibiotic-resistant
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Tuberculosis, miliary
The presence of numerous sites of tuberculosis infection each of which is minute, due to dissemination of infected material through the bloodstream in a process somewhat like the metastasis of a malignancy. The word…
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Tuberculosis, pulmonary
Tuberculosis (TB) infecting the lungs. This is the most common form of active TB. It can be easily transmitted to others when someone who has it coughs
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Tuberculotic
See: Tuberculous
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Tuberculous
Pertaining to tuberculosis. Affected by tuberculosis. Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. As in tuberculous meningitis. Also called tubercular and tuberculotic
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Tuberculous diskitis
An infection of the spine due to tuberculosis, seen most often in children. The main symptom is back pain. Untreated tuberculous diskitis can lead to inward or outward curvature of the spine. Imaging of the spine will…
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Tuberculous meningitis
Meningitis due to tuberculosis. Tuberculous meningitis is the most severe form of tuberculosis. It causes severe neurologic deficits or death in more than half of cases. The pattern of tuberculous meningitis in the…
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Tuberoeruptive xanthoma
See: Eruptive xanthoma
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Tuberous sclerosis
A genetic disorder characterized by abnormalities of the skin, brain, kidney, and heart. The skin abnormalities are present in all cases and may include tiny benign tumors (angiofibroma) on the face and depigmented…
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Tuberous sclerosis 1
The TSC1 gene involved in causing the disease tuberous sclerosis. See: TSC1
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Tuberous sclerosis 2
The TSC2 gene involved in causing the disease tuberous sclerosis. See: TSC2
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Tubes
The 'tubes' are medically known as the Fallopian tubes. There are two Fallopian tubes, one on each side, which transport the egg from the ovary to the uterus (the womb). The Fallopian tubes have small hair-like…
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Tubular vision
A centrally constricted field of vision that is like what you can see through a tube. Also called tunnel vision. See: Tunnel vision
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Tubule
A small tube.
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Tularemia
A bacterial disease caused by infection with a bacterium called Francisella tularensis that usually occurs in wild and domestic animals, most often rabbits, and can be transmitted to humans by contact with animal…
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Tumeric
A spice with anti-inflammatory effects. The active ingredient is curcumin, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Tumeric is a common ingredient in curry powder
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Tumescent
Swelling; slightly tumid (swollen). For example, tumescent liposuction involves pumping a solution beneath the skin which swells it to facilitate suctioning out fat. For another example, the penis can become tumescent…
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Tumescent liposuction
The surgical suctioning of fat deposits from specific parts of the body, the most common being the abdomen (the 'tummy'), buttocks ('behind'), hips, thighs and knees, chin, upper arms, back, and calves after pumping…
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Tummy
1. Babytalk for the stomach. The word tummy is derived from stomach.2. Slang for a paunch. A big tummy raises the risk of diabetes
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Tumor
An abnormal mass of tissue. Tumors are a classic sign of inflammation, and can be benign or malignant (cancerous). There are dozens of different types of tumors. Their names usually reflect the kind of tissue they arise…
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Tumor debulking
Surgically removing as much of the tumor as possible
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Tumor grade
The degree of abnormality of cancer cells, a measure of differentiation, the extent to which cancer cells are similar in appearance and function to healthy cells of the same tissue type. The degree of differentiation…
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Tumor marker
Tumor markers are substances that can be detected in higher-than-normal amounts in the blood, urine, or body tissues of some patients with certain types of cancer. A tumor marker may be made by a tumor itself or by the…
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Tumor marker, CEA
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein found in many types of cells but associated with tumors and the developing fetus. CEA is tested in blood. The normal range is <2.5 ng/ml in an adult non-smoker and <5.0…
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Tumor marker, NSE
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a substance that has been detected in patients with certain tumors, namely: neuroblastoma, small cell lung cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, carcinoid tumors, endocrine tumors of the…
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Tumor necrosis factor
A member of a superfamily of proteins, each with 157 amino acids, which induce necrosis (death) of tumor cells and possess a wide range of proinflammatory actions. Tumor necrosis factor is a multifunctional cytokine…
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Tumor registry
Recorded information about the status of patients with tumors. Although a registry was originally the place (like Registry House in Edinburgh) where information was collected (in registers), the word 'registry' has also…
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Tumor suppressor gene
A protective gene that normally limits the growth of tumors. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated (altered), it may fail to keep a cancer from growing. BRCA1, an example of tumor suppressor genes, was the first…
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Tumor, carcinoid
A tumor which secretes large amounts of the hormone serotonin. Another name for carcinoid tumor is argentaffinoma. The tumor usually arises in the gastrointestinal tract, anywhere between the stomach and the rectum (the…
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Tumor, desmoid
See: Desmoid tumor
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Tumor, ear
Benign (noncancerous) bumps on the pinna of the ear (the external ear) or within the external ear canal. Most of these lumps and bumps are just harmless sebaceous cysts. However, some of the bumps are bony overgrowths…
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Tumor, islet cell
See: Islet cell cancer
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Tumor, malignant giant cell
A type of bone tumor characterized by massive destruction of bone near the end (epiphysis) of a long bone. The site most commonly struck by this tumor is the knee -- the far end of the femur and the near end of the…
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Tumor, primary
See: Primary tumor
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Tumor, sweat gland
A benign (harmless) skin tumor called a syringoma that derives from cells related to sweat glands. (These particular specialized cells are scientifically referred to as eccrine.) NTER> Syringomas tend to appear during…