Condom

Although the word 'condom' usually refers to the male condom, there is also a female condom.

Both male and female condoms are barrier methods of contraception.</P> <U>Male condoms</U>: The male condom is a sheath placed over the erect penis before penetration, preventing pregnancy by blocking the passage of sperm.

It is a barrier method of contraception.</P> A condom can be used only once.</P> Although some condoms have spermicide added (the spermicide is usually nonoxynol-9 in the United States) to kill sperm, spermicide has not been scientifically shown to provide additional contraceptive protection over a condom alone.</P> Because they act as a mechanical barrier, condoms prevent direct vaginal contact with semen, infectious genital secretions, and genital sores and discharges.</P> Most condoms are made from latex rubber, while a small percentage are made from lamb intestines (sometimes called 'lambskin' condoms).

Condoms made from polyurethane have been marketed in the United States since 1994.</P> Except for abstinence, latex condoms are the most effective method for reducing the risk of infection from the viruses that cause AIDS, other HIV-related illnesses, and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).</P> Some condoms are pre-lubricated.

These lubricants do not provide more birth control or STD protection.

Non-oil-based lubricants, such as water or K-Y jelly, can be used with latex or lambskin condoms, but oil-based lubricants, such as petroleum jelly (Vaseline), lotions, or massage or baby oil, should not be used because they can weaken the material.</P> <U>Female condoms</U>: The Reality Female Condom was approved by U.S.

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 1993. It consists of a lubricated polyurethane sheath shaped similarly to the male condom.

The closed end, which has a flexible ring, is inserted into the vagina, while the open end remains outside, partially covering the labia.</P> The female condom, like the male condom, is available without a prescription and, like the male condom, is intended for one-time use.</P> A female condom should not be used together with a male condom because they may not both stay in place.